Australian Pictorial of The Snowy Mountains

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Introduction

The Snowy mountain ranges, stretch for 160 km in a NW to SE direction. They are part of an enormous plateau, which is interrupted by various peaks and valleys.

A plentiful supply of summer game, in particular the protein-rich Bogong moth, attracted Aboriginal Australians to the Snowy Mountains region for over 20,000 years. Apart from hunting, meetings with other tribes were a feature of the summer treks.

The first white settlers arrived in the Monaro plains region in the 1820s. In 1840, the Polish explorer Count Paul Strzelecki was the first to name and record the climbing of the highest peak; however it is probable that Mount Kosciusko had already been reached by inquisitive stockmen patrolling their summer pastures. A succession of official and gentlemen explorers followed, including painters and botanists such as the great Baron Von Mueller, adding detail to the emerging picture of the Snowy Mountains.

The small resort of Charlotte Pass was named after the first woman to climb Mt. Kosciusco. Here, the lowest ever temperature for Australia has been recorded, -22oC.

Gold was discovered near Kiandra in 1859. Ten thousand diggers arrived and, whilst the gold ran out quickly, European miners among the throng introduced skiing to Australia.

After the Second World War, a massive engineering project was planned in order to provide electricity for a power-hungry, developing nation and irrigation for the farmers of the Murray and Murrumbidgee basins. In 1949 the Snowy Mountains Scheme began. Apart from turning rivers around, building huge dams and power stations, the scheme left an infrastructure that made possible today's local tourism industry.

The Kosciusko National Park was first set aside as a state park in 1944 and now covers 690,000 hectares from the Victorian border to the Brindabella Ranges near Canberra. With over 3 million visitors each year, the Park has the vital role of ensuring that the natural and cultural heritage of this unique region of Australia can be enjoyed now and by future generations.

Blue Cow Mountain

The construction of the Guthega Dam on the Snowy River at the foot of Mount Twynam permitted access to an impressive array of skiing slopes. But reaching the area was not always easy as heavy snow frequently blocked the road. With other resorts developing at a far faster rate, Guthega remained a well kept secret until the early '80s when the pressure of expanding demand prompted the establishment of better facilities for downhill skiers. However, access and parking were still a problem.

The solution arrived in the form of the Skitube, an underground rail link between Bullock's Flat and a new skiing area at Blue Cow Mountain. Powered by electricity, the trains actually generate power on the downhill run and return it to the system to assist the trains travelling uphill. This modern engineering achievement has heralded a new era of ski area development.

Blue Cow Mountain soon merged with Guthega to form the resort we see today: a comprehensive system of ski lifts servicing a huge network of runs for all standards of skiing. The focal point of the resort is the Ski Centre which caters for day visitors all year round.

A ride on the Skitube is a must for summer visitors who can enjoy the beauty of the alpine wildflowers and spectacular views from the comfort of the Ski Centre.

Flora

At an altitude above 1800 metres there are species of flora which are found nowhere else on earth. In January and February when the snows have receded, a host of specially adapted plants thrust flowers to the sun, carpeting the alpine meadows with a patchwork of dainty blooms in white, yellow, pink and mauve. Closer inspection reveals further caches of minute, intricately-designed flowers nestling at the foot of rocky outcrops and beside trickles of glistening snow melt. If the weather turns cold, as it can even in summer, many of the flowers will close to conserve their brief opportunity for reproduction.

Prior to the halting of grazing, the banks of many of the creeks and pools were being trampled by cattle in search of water. The resulting damage to the delicate plant life has now been reversed, assuring the survival of some once endangered species.

Lake Jindabyne

Long before any modern trout hunter ever tossed a fly over the Snowy River, Aboriginal tribes are thought to have congregated in the area during their trips to hunt the Bogong Moth. Today, Jindabyne is the hub of tourism in the Snowy Mountains, offering water sports, fishing, sailing and horse riding.
The old town has moved higher to allow for the flooding of the Snowy Valley as part of the Snowy Mountains Hydroelectric Scheme. Lake Jindabyne now provides a scenic haven for water sports.

North of Mt Kosciusko

To the north of Mt. Kosciusko, is Mount Selwyn, a range of gentle, sheltered slopes ideal for safe skiing on the south-west side of the Summit. Close to the Summit of Mt Selwyn, at almost 1500 metres, is Cabramurra, the highest permanent town in Australia. In contrast, little evidence remains now of Kiandra, once a busy town to the north-east of the Summit that peaked in the 1860s when gold was found in the area.

At the northern end of the National Park is Tumut Valley, one of the most picturesque in Australia; and on the north-eastern part of the Park are the Yarrangobilly Caves, discovered by a stockman in the 1830s. Of the 100 known caves, four are open to the public. One of these is the Jillabrenan Cave, whose formations are considered to be over two million years old. Also open to the public is a thermal pool that maintains a temperature of 27oC all year round and is used by swimmers even in winter.

Perisher Valley

Perisher's high base elevation means the snow comes earlier than some other resorts and stays longer.

Stockmen used the area last century and the name Smiggin Holes was derived by them from an old Scottish term for the salt licks and the holes left in the soft ground by the cattle congregating around them.

In the '20s and '30s, Perisher Valley was a place skiers passed through on their way to the Chalet at Charlotte Pass. Those hardy enthusiasts must have gazed up at the pristine slopes of Mount Perisher and wished there was a place to stay nearby from which they could explore the brilliant skiing it promised. Europeans amongst the massive influx of people attracted by the Snowy Mountains Scheme were quick to follow the lead of a hard core of early club skiers at Perisher and Smiggin Holes and, by the early '60s, hotels and small lodges were catering to an ever-increasing group of snow lovers.

Today, Perisher provides superb skiing as always, and boasts luxury appointments. The resort is reached via road or the Skitube underground railway. The Skitube terminal also serves as a base for the network of over-snow transport services. Specialised tracked vehicles carry passengers and supplies to all corners of the valley.

The resort hosts a long list of special events such as the Paddy Pallin Classic cross country race, professional downhill events, fresh powder skiing, the wild and wacky Dash For Cash and the even wackier Jump For Cash where the landing area is a pool of icy water.

Thredbo

Thredbo's reputation as an international resort was enhanced when it hosted the only round of the World Cup ski races ever to be held in Australia. Its long runs and extensive snow-making system ensure that skiers can always find new ways to reach the village from the lofty heights of Crackenback Mountains. Here the change of seasons simply means a change of equipment as Thredbo is truly a resort for all seasons. Ski racing, fishing, paragliding, canoeing, white-water rafting, horse riding, tennis, mountain bike rides and Australia's highest golf course are but a few of the diversions. The chair lift operates all year round to provide walkers easy access to the peaks of the Ramshead Range and the walking trail to the summit of Mount Kosciusko.

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